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浙江省2013年7月自考02974中药学(一)试题

2014-10-14 16:43来源:浙江自考网
浙江省2013年7月高等教育自学考试
中药学(一)试题
课程代码:02974
    本试卷分A、B卷,
A卷

一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
1.最早采用图文对照编写方法的本草著作是
A.《神农本草经》                                           B.《名医别录》
C.《本草经集注》                                           D.《新修本草》
2.既降气化痰,又善降胃气的药物是
A.前胡                                                             B.桔梗  
C.白前                                                             D.旋覆花
3.醋煮甘遂的目的是
A.降低毒副作用                                               B.增强药物功能  
C.改变药物性能                                               D.便于调剂制剂
4.既凉肝息风,又化痰开窍的药物是
A.地龙                                                             B.天麻  
C.钩藤                                                             D.牛黄
5.归经是指
A.药物的作用趋向                                           B.药物的寒热属性     
C.药物的五种滋味                                           D.药物对于机体某部分的选择性作用
6.相须、相使配伍可产生下列哪种情况
A.协同增效                                                      B.降低疗效  
C.减毒作用                                                      D.毒副作用
7.下列哪项不属于妊娠慎用药
A.牛膝                                                             B.白术  
C.大黄                                                             D.红花
8.治疗外感风寒兼气滞胸脘满闷、恶心呕逆者,宜首选的药物是
A.防风                                                             B.香薷  
C.生姜                                                             D.紫苏
9.治疗痰湿蒙蔽清窍所致的神志昏乱者,宜首选的药物是
A.竹茹                                                             B.冰片  
C.麝香                                                             D.石菖蒲
10.龙骨与牡蛎都具有的功效是
A.重镇安神                                                      B.软坚散结  
C.息风止痉                                                      D.清肝明目
11.外用解毒杀虫,内服助阳通便的药物是
A.雄黄                                                             B.硫黄  
C.蛇床子                                                         D.樟脑
12.麻黄根与白术都具有的功效是
A.固精                                                             B.缩尿  
C.止带                                                             D.止汗
13.既清热解毒,又疏散风热的药物是
A.连翘                                                             B.薄荷  
C.鱼腥草                                                         D.蒲公英
14.能温脾止泻,纳气平喘的药物是
A.补骨脂                                                         B.菟丝子     
C.沙苑子                                                         D.代赭石
15.“风药中之润剂”指的药物是
A.秦艽                                                             B.川芎  
C.蕲蛇                                                             D.川乌
16.“芳香化湿浊之要药”是
A.藿香                                                             B.佩兰  
C.苍术                                                             D.豆蔻
17.具有安胎作用的化湿药是
A.苍术                                                             B.佩兰  
C.砂仁                                                             D.豆蔻
18.猪苓的入药部位是
A.块根                                                             B.菌核  
C.果实                                                             D.根茎
19.治疗石淋,宜首选的药物是
A.萆薢                                                             B.茵陈  
C.石韦                                                             D.金钱草
20.善于上助心阳、中温脾阳、下补肾阳的药物是
A.附子                                                             B.干姜  
C.花椒                                                             D.吴茱萸
21.善治肝郁气滞,胸胁胀痛,脘腹疼痛,久咳痰多之症的药物是
A.青皮                                                             B.佛手  
C.枳壳                                                             D.乌药
22.治湿热泻痢、里急后重之要药是
A.香附                                                             B.木香  
C.陈皮                                                             D.川楝子
23.消食兼可回乳的药物是
A.山楂                                                             B.麦芽  
C.神曲                                                             D.鸡内金
24.具有杀虫、消积、行气、利水、截疟功效的药物是
A.雷丸                                                             B.南瓜子     
C.槟榔                                                             D.使君子
25.治疗血热夹瘀的出血证,宜首选的药物是
A.地榆                                                             B.白及  
C.三七                                                             D.茜草
26.既补气养阴,又清热生津的药物是
A.人参                                                             B.黄芪  
C.党参                                                             D.西洋参
27.既降肺气,又疏散风热的药物是
A.桔梗                                                             B.前胡  
C.白前                                                             D.旋覆花
28.乳香与没药都具有的功效是
A.祛风止痒                                                      B.消肿生肌  
C.通经止痛                                                      D.清心凉血
29.善治脏腑湿痰的药物是
A.前胡                                                             B.半夏  
C.禹白附                                                         D.枇杷叶
30.砒石的用量是
A.0.002—0.004克                                            B.0.004—0.009克
C.0.04—0.06克                                                D.0.06—0.09克
二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂、少涂或未涂均无分。
31.宜后下的药物是
A.龙骨                                                             B.三七
C.甘草                                                             D.薄荷
E.白豆蔻
32.青蒿具有的功效是
A.截疟                                                             B.解暑
C.通淋                                                             D.清虚热
E.凉血除蒸
 
33.大黄具有的功效是
A.泻下攻积                                                      B.清热泻火
C.凉血解毒                                                      D.破气散结
E.逐瘀通经
34.桑寄生与五加皮都具有的功效是
A.袪风湿                                                         B.清虚热
C.补肝肾                                                         D.强筋骨
E.利水消肿
35.苍术可以治疗的病证是
A.湿阻中焦                                                      B.湿温初起
C.风湿痹证                                                      D.痰饮咳喘
E.风寒挟湿表证
36.具有补胃阴功效的药物是
A.麦冬                                                             B.黄芪
C.石斛                                                             D.党参
E.北沙参
37.具有理气和中、燥湿化痰功效的药物是
A.佛手                                                             B.半夏
C.青皮                                                             D.香橼
E.陈皮
38.麝香可以治疗的病证是
A.咽喉肿痛                                                      B.难产
C.血瘀经闭                                                      D.风湿痹痛
E.心腹暴痛
39.半夏与天南星都具有的功效是
A.燥湿化痰                                                      B.清热化痰
C.清热解毒                                                      D.祛风止痉
E.外用消肿止痛
 
 
40.具有平肝潜阳功效的药物是
A.石决明                                                         B.代赭石
C.羚羊角                                                         D.珍珠母
E.紫贝齿

三、填空题(本大题共10小题,每空0.5分,共20分)
41.桂枝的功效是__________,__________,__________。
42.甘草的功效是__________、__________、__________、__________和__________。
43.金银花与连翘同具__________、__________之功效,故同可用治__________、__________。然金银花炒炭用又善__________;而连翘主入心经,能清心火,解疮毒,__________。
44.地龙的功效是__________、__________、__________和__________。
45.凡以促使__________,治疗毒物、宿食、痰涎等停滞在胃脘或胸膈以上所致病证为主的药物,称为涌吐药,又名__________。
46.白芍与赤芍的共同功效是__________。白芍又具有__________,__________的功效;赤芍又具有__________,__________的功效。
47.收涩药分别具有__________、__________、__________、__________、__________、__________等作用。
48.黄柏的功效是__________、__________和__________。
49.干姜的功效是__________、__________和__________。
50.芒硝的功效是__________、__________和__________。
四、简答题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分)
51.何谓解表药?试述解表药的使用注意。
52.何谓“道地药材”?请写出四味河南道地药材的名称。
53.简述瓜蒌的功效、主治证。
 
54.比较下列各组药物功效的相同点及不同点。
(1)黄芩与黄连    (2)生姜与炮姜
五、论述题(本大题共2小题,每小题10分,共20分)
55.磁石,酸枣仁,合欢皮,远志均能安神,论述临证当如何区别应用?
56.试述人参性味、功效、用量用法及使用注意。
 
B卷

一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
1.我国现存最早的本草专著是
A.《开宝本草》                                               B.《嘉祐本草》
C.《新修本草》                                               D.《神农本草经》
2.二、八月最宜采集的药材是
A.叶类                                                             B.花类  
C.全草类                                                         D.根及根茎
3.辛味药临床一般治疗
A.表证                                                             B.呕吐  
C.瘰疬                                                             D.瘿瘤
4.黄芪与茯苓配伍,茯苓能增强黄芪补气利水的功效,这种配伍关系属于
A.相须                                                             B.相使  
C.相畏                                                             D.相杀
 
5.妊娠慎用药应除外
A.牛膝                                                             B.白术  
C.红花                                                             D.附子
6.旋覆花入煎剂宜
A.包煎                                                             B.后下  
C.烊化                                                             D.冲服
7.既能解表散寒,又能解鱼蟹毒的药物是
A.麻黄                                                             B.防风  
C.荆芥                                                             D.生姜
8.既能疏散风热,又能息风止痉的药物是
A.薄荷                                                             B.蝉蜕  
C.菊花                                                             D.桑叶
9.既能清热利湿,又能凉血解毒的药物是
A.栀子                                                             B.石膏  
C.玄参                                                             D.知母
10.善去脾胃大肠湿热,为治湿热泻痢要药的是
A.知母                                                             B.葛根  
C.苦参                                                             D.黄连
11.既能清热凉血,又能活血祛瘀的药物是
A.生地黄                                                         B.地骨皮     
C.延胡索                                                         D.牡丹皮
12.大黄用治湿热黄疸,常与下列何药配伍
A.芦荟                                                             B.连翘  
C.桂枝                                                             D.栀子
13.既能袪风湿,又能消骨鲠的药物是
A.防己                                                             B.独活  
C.秦艽                                                             D.威灵仙
 
 
14.苍术的性味是
A.辛、苦,温                                                  B.辛、甘,温     
C.苦、甘,温                                                  D.辛、甘,寒
15.海金沙的入药部位是
A.根                                                                B.菌核  
C.全草                                                             D.孢子
16.善治厥阴头痛的药物是
A.白芷                                                             B.细辛  
C.葛根                                                             D.吴茱萸
17.治疗肝气郁结,月经不调,痛经,乳房胀痛,宜首选的药物是
A.木香                                                             B.香附  
C.檀香                                                             D.沉香
18.善消油腻肉食积滞的药物是
A.山楂                                                             B.麦芽  
C.神曲                                                             D.鸡内金
19.具有疗癣功效的药物是
A.槟榔                                                             B.苦楝皮     
C.南瓜子                                                         D.鹤草芽
20.治疗血热夹瘀的出血证,宜选用的药物是
A.地榆                                                             B.艾叶  
C.茜草                                                             D.炮姜
21.既能活血,又能凉血,并能除烦安神的药物是
A.丹参                                                             B.当归  
C.红花                                                             D.生地黄
22.治疗痰热咳嗽兼有便秘者,宜首选的药物是
A.半夏                                                             B.白前  
C.前胡                                                             D.瓜蒌
23.龙骨入煎剂应
A.先煎                                                             B.后入  
C.包煎                                                             D.另煎
24.治疗痰阻心窍所致的癫痫抽搐、惊风发狂者,宜选用
A.朱砂                                                             B.龙骨  
C.远志                                                             D.琥珀
25.具有清热息风、平喘、通络、利尿作用的药物是
A.蜈蚣                                                             B.全蝎  
C.地龙                                                             D.僵蚕
26.既用于心腹暴痛,又用于跌打损伤疼痛的药物是
A.冰片                                                             B.石菖蒲     
C.麝香                                                             D.苏合香
27.治疗心气亏虚、心悸、健忘者,宜首选的药物是
A.人参                                                             B.太子参     
C.党参                                                             D.制首乌
28.既能益肾固精,又能补脾止泻的药物是
A.莲子                                                             B.枸杞子     
C.金樱子                                                         D.山茱萸
29.内服可助阳通便的药物是
A.雄黄                                                             B.硫黄  
C.樟脑                                                             D.土荆皮
30.砒石的功效是
A.劫痰平喘                                                      B.燥湿止泻  
C.行气止痛                                                      D.降逆止呕
二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂、少涂或未涂均无分。
31.四川的道地药材有
A.阿胶                                                             B.黄连
C.人参                                                             D.乌头
E.茯苓
 
 
32.中药性能的基本内容包括
A.四气                                                             B.五味
C.升降浮沉                                                      D.归经
E.毒性
33.苦味药的功效是
A.清泄火热                                                      B.坚阴
C.通泄大便                                                      D.泄降气逆
E.燥湿
34.具有清热燥湿、泻火解毒功效的药物是
A.连翘                                                             B.黄连
C.知母                                                             D.黄芩
E.黄柏
35.具有清热解毒利咽功效的药物是
A.射干                                                             B.山豆根
C.板蓝根                                                         D.马勃
E.金银花
36.桑寄生的功效是
A.安胎                                                             B.强筋骨
C.袪风湿                                                         D.补肝肾
E.活血化瘀
37.能清肺胃之热的药物有
A.地榆                                                             B.大蓟
C.芦根                                                             D.小蓟
E.白茅根
38.桃仁治疗的病证有
A.肺痈                                                             B.肠痈
C.血瘀腹痛                                                      D.咳嗽气喘
E.癥瘕积聚
 
 
39.百部的适应证是
A.风寒咳嗽                                                      B.蛲虫病
C.头虱                                                             D.肺痨咳嗽
E.疥癣
40.具有补益作用的润肠药是
A.肉苁蓉                                                         B.锁阳
C.核桃仁                                                         D.决明子
E.牛蒡子

三、填空题(本大题共10小题,每空1分,共20分)
41.具有引火归原功效的药物是__________。
42.夏月麻黄所指的药物是__________。
43.疮家圣药所指的药物是__________。
44.大青叶的功效__________,__________,故常用治热入营血、温毒发斑和痄腮、丹毒等。
45.能燥湿,又下气除胀满,为消除胀满的要药是__________。
46.止血药中,能够治疗肺热咳嗽的药物是__________,__________。
47.姜半夏长于__________,法半夏长于__________,半夏曲长于__________,竹沥半夏具有__________的功效。
48.墨旱莲与女贞子相同的功效是__________,而墨旱莲还可以__________。
49.刺蒺藜具有__________,__________的功效。
50.常山的功效是__________,__________。__________可以生用,__________宜酒制用。
四、简答题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分)
51.何谓“清热药”,请回答清热药的使用注意。
52.举例叙述“甘”味药物所具有的功效。
53.简述陈皮的功效、适应证。
 
54.比较下列各组药物功效的相同点及不同点。
(1)大蓟与小蓟
(2)前胡与白前
五、论述题(本大题共2小题,每小题10分,共20分)
55.试述黄芪“升阳举陷”的功效及配伍应用,并写出黄芪的其它功效和应用。
56.紫苏、白术、杜仲、苎麻根均可治疗胎动不安,试述它们安胎机理及应用有何不同。

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