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浙江省2014年4月自学考试02974中药学(一)试题

2015-07-29 16:27来源:浙江自考网

浙江省2014年4月高等教育自学考试
中药学(一)试题
课程代码:02974
    本试卷分A、B卷,
A
一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
1.我国现存最早的本草专著是
A.《本草纲目》                                               B.《神农本草经》
C.《新修本草》                                               D.《证类本草》
2.道地药材黄芪的主产地是
A.四川                                                             B.浙江
C.内蒙                                                             D.江苏
3.5岁以上的儿童按成人中药用药剂量的
A.八分之一                                                      B.四分之一
C.三分之一                                                      D.二分之一
4.叶类药材通常的最佳采收期是
A.深秋经霜后                                                  B.幼苗期
C.花蕾将放或正盛期                                        D.结果期
5.《素问·藏气法时论》对五味作用的概括正确的是
A.甘软                                                             B.辛散
C.苦缓                                                             D.咸坚
6.阿胶、鹿角胶、蜂蜜等药物入汤剂宜
A.先煎                                                             B.后下
C.包煎                                                             D.烊化
7.黄芩、黄连、黄柏均能
A.解暑                                                             B.退热除蒸
C.清热燥湿                                                      D.凉血止血
8.葶苈子苦寒之性峻猛,为缓药性常佐
A.黄酒                                                             B.大枣
C.甘草                                                             D.肉桂
9.下列使用解表药时应注意的事项正确的是
A.春夏季用药量宜重                                        B.炎热地区用药量宜轻
C.发汗力强的用药量宜重                                 D.入汤剂需久煎
10.发热、咽干口渴、头痛目赤、舌边尖红、苔薄黄,应用
A.薄荷                                                             B.桂枝
C.紫苏                                                             D.羌活
11.治疗黄疸之要药是
A.泽泻                                                             B.金钱草
C.虎杖                                                             D.茵陈
12.干姜、肉桂、吴茱萸是
A.开窍药                                                         B.理气药
C.化湿药                                                         D.温里药
13.木香的性味是
A.苦、酸,寒                                                  B.苦、酸,温
C.辛、苦,寒                                                  D.辛、苦,温
14.消化油腻肉食之积滞适宜用
A.山楂                                                             B.神曲
C.莱菔子                                                         D.麦芽
15.石膏煅用能
A.明目                                                             B.利尿
C.敛疮生肌                                                      D.除烦止渴
二、多项选择题(本大题共8小题,每小题2分,共16分)
在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂、少涂或未涂均无分。
16.沉降药所代表的药物具有的功效包括
A.宣肺止咳                                                      B.重镇安神
C.开窍醒神                                                      D.涌吐
E.消积导滞
17.服药的饮食禁忌上,肝阳上亢头晕目眩、烦躁易怒者应忌食
A.食盐                                                             B.辣椒
C.大蒜                                                             D.白酒
E.清凉饮料
18.既能止血,又能化瘀,具有止血而不留瘀的药物有
A.三七                                                             B.乌药
C.白及                                                             D.蒲黄
E.茜草
19.桔梗的功效有
A.宣肺                                                             B.祛痰
C.利咽                                                             D.解痉
E.排脓
20.白芷可用于治疗
A.风寒感冒                                                      B.头痛、牙痛
C.痰饮、蓄水证                                               D.鼻渊
E.心悸
21.下列属于活血调经药物的有
A.郁金                                                             B.红花
C.牛膝                                                             D.丹参
E.莪术
22.陈皮可用于
A.寒痰咳嗽                                                      B.月经不调
C.呕吐不止                                                      D.胸痹
E.脾胃气滞证
23.下列属于发散风热药的有
A.柴胡                                                             B.桑叶
C.知母                                                             D.连翘
E.桂枝

三、填空题(本大题共7小题,每小题2分,共14分)
24.一般来讲,味属辛、______,气属温、______的药物,大都是升浮药。
25.甘草的功效是______,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,清热解毒,______。
26.泻下药主归______经,使用时为加强泻下导滞的作用,常配伍______药。
27.藿香的主要功效是化湿、______、______。
28.凡以平肝潜阳或息风止痉为主,治疗______或______病证的药物,称为平肝息风药。
29.麻黄的主要功效是发汗解表、______、______。
30.为驱蛔虫之要药的是______;用治绦虫证疗效最佳的是______。
四、简答题(本大题共4小题,每小题7分,共28分)
31.何谓泻下药?根据泻下作用的强弱,泻下药可分为哪几类?
32.简述朱砂与磁石功效的异同。
33.简述人参的药性与功效。
34.中药“七情”是指哪7种配伍关系?
五、论述题(本大题12分)
35.清热药使用时应注意些什么?

B
一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
1.主产地在河南的道地药材是
A.地黄                                                             B.三七
C.党参                                                             D.人参
2.磁石的功效是
A.镇惊安神,收敛固涩                                    B.镇惊安神,平肝潜阳
C.镇惊安神,止咳平喘                                    D.镇惊安神,坠痰下气
3.下列关于开窍药的叙述错误的是
A.药性辛香走窜                                               B.主入肺经
C.不可久用                                                      D.为救急、治标之品
4.肝阳上亢者服药应忌食
A.盐                                                                B.辛辣
C.生冷                                                             D.动物内脏
5.两种性能功效类似的药物配合应用,可以增强原有药物的功效,这在“七情”中称为
A.相须                                                             B.相使
C.相恶                                                             D.相畏
6.以补肾阳为主要作用的药物是
A.石斛                                                             B.麦冬
C.北沙参                                                         D.淫羊藿
7.风寒感冒、肺气壅遏的咳喘实证宜选用
A.紫苏                                                             B.麻黄
C.桑叶                                                             D.柴胡
8.善清中上焦湿热的药物是
A.黄连                                                             B.黄柏
C.黄芩                                                             D.黄精
9.矿物类药通常需
A.先煎                                                             B.后下
C.包煎                                                             D.烊化
10.能大补元气、补脾益肺、生津养血、安神益智的药物是
A.人参                                                             B.甘草
C.鹿茸                                                             D.当归
11.湿浊中阻所致之呕吐,当首选的药物是
A.半夏                                                             B.苍术
C.藿香                                                             D.厚朴
12.木瓜是
A.祛风寒湿药                                                  B.祛风湿热药
C.利水消肿药                                                  D.利尿通淋药
13.下列药物与功效配对正确的是
A.牛膝,活血调经                                           B.郁金,活血疗伤
C.莪术,活血止痛                                           D.马钱子,破血消癥
14.车前子不适应下列哪种病证?
A.水肿,淋证                                                  B.痰热咳嗽
C.目赤涩痛                                                      D.湿疹疥癣
15.治胃寒呕吐,常用
A.吴茱萸配甘草                                               B.附子配人参
C.肉桂配香附                                                  D.干姜配高良姜
16.既可清热解毒,消肿散结,又可利湿通淋的药物是
A.蒲公英                                                         B.牡丹皮
C.射干                                                             D.玄参
17.《本草正》称“专杀蛔虫”的驱蛔要药是
A.使君子                                                         B.槟榔
C.雷丸                                                             D.苦楝皮
18.既能止血,又能化瘀,有止血而不留瘀特点的药物是
A.三七                                                             B.白及
C.地榆                                                             D.艾叶
19.用治各种原因之肝风内动,惊痫抽搐,不论寒热虚实皆可配用的药物是
A.牡蛎                                                             B.钩藤
C.天麻                                                             D.羚羊角
20.铅丹主要用作
A.收涩药                                                         B.涌吐药
C.攻毒杀虫止痒药                                           D.拔毒化腐生肌药
二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)
在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。错涂、多涂、少涂或未涂均无分。
21.麝香的功效有
A.开窍醒神                                                      B.活血通经
C.祛痰消痈                                                      D.辟秽化湿  
E.消肿止痛
22.具有升浮特性的药物有
A.解表药                                                         B.收涩药
C.安神药                                                         D.开窍药     
E.温里药
23.白术止泻,是由于它能
A.健脾                                                             B.补气
C.燥湿                                                             D.涩肠  
E.补肾涩精
24.大黄的功效有
A.清热泻火                                                      B.凉血解毒
C.利湿退黄                                                      D.逐瘀通经  
E.泻下攻积
25.既治肺虚久咳,又生津止渴治疗消渴的药物有
A.五味子                                                         B.山茱萸
C.百部                                                             D.桑白皮     
E.乌梅
 
三、填空题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)
26.药性理论是我国历代医家在长期医疗实践中,以阴阳、______、______学说为依据,根据药物的各种性质及所表现出来的治疗作用总结出来的用药规律。
27.用药剂量上通常新生儿为成人用量的______,幼儿为成人用量的______。
28.清虚热药性______,以清虚热、______为主要作用。
29.凡以______为主要功效,常用以治疗______证的药物,称为温里药。
30.陈皮的功效是______、______。
四、简答题(本大题共4小题,每小题7分,共28分)
31.简述五味中“苦”所代表药物的作用和主治病证。
32.化痰止咳平喘药可分为哪几类?请各举1例药物。
33.石膏生用与煅用的功效有何差异?
34.简述黄芪的主要功效。
五、论述题(本大题12分)
35.使用解表药时应注意些什么?
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浙江省2014年4月自学考试02974中药学(一)试题

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